Information and Communication Technology 0417/13 October/November 2025: question paper and mark scheme

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1 OMR 2 QR scanner

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2 Four from: 4 Reads/writes data Volatile memory Stores data temporarily Stores data currently in use Can be directly accessed by the CPU Primary storage

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3(a) Six from: 6 Interactive user interface asks questions about the route The user answers the questions with Yes/No answers The start and end points are entered into the (interactive) user interface Answers lead to other questions The inference engine searches The knowledge base is searched using the rules base Probable routes are displayed The explanation system explains how the results were found 3(b) Six from: 6 Enter start and destination point Number of satellites orbiting the earth Satellites transmit signals to the ground Computers installed in the vehicle Computers receive the signals Computers interpret the signals The satellite uses an atomic clock The satellite transmits its position and time The computer in the vehicle calculates its exact position The position is superimposed on the sat nav maps An algorithm is used to calculate the route

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4(a) Positives 6 Max five from: Non-intrusive method Very fast authentication Hands-free system No other device is needed on the laptop No physical password needed therefore improves security Login becomes easier Increased security as cannot be shoulder surfed Negatives Max five from: Security issues Other people can record the password as it is spoken The system has to learn the voice and this can take time If the users voice is different then the device will not unlock Accuracy is lower In noisy environments it may be difficult to hear the voice 4(b) Two from, for example: 2 Face Iris Retina Fingerprint Thumbprint 4(c) Benefits 4 Max three from: Does not use a password so passwords cannot be forgotten More secure Stops shoulder surfing Uses network/location/device signals to authenticate a user Faster login process The login process is more robust The login is unique to the user Much simpler login Less intrusive method Drawbacks Max three from: Can increase the cost of the device Constantly working in the background so could use up resources Only the user can login to the device so this could affect access of data

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5(a)(i) One mark for the check and one mark for the reason: 2 Length check it has 8/10 characters Format check it is NN/NN/NNNN 5(a)(ii) One mark for the check and one mark for the reason: 2 Range check Needs to be in a range from 0 to 126 000 Type check Needs to be a number 5(a)(iii) One mark for the check and one mark for the reason: 2 Length check One character Boolean check Either N or U 5(b)(i) Premier, HydroSport, EcoSport 1 One from: H/P/E Any suitable code 5(b)(ii) Three from: 3 Quicker to enter the data Less data entry errors Allows validation to be used Faster searching of data

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6(a) Advantages 6 Max five from: The questionnaires can be answered more quickly than interviews Questionnaires can be answered at any time Saves time as many questionnaires can be completed at the same time Cheaper method as an interviewer does not need to be employed Individuals can remain anonymous with questionnaires Quicker analysis of the data More people can answer with a questionnaire Answers can be more biased with interviews Disadvantages Max five from: Number of questionnaires returned is often low Difficult to expand the questions Questionnaires tend to be more generic More difficult to explain vague questions Cannot see the body language when gathering data 6(b) One from: 2 Explanation General information on the requirements of a system One from: Item Hardware requirements Software requirements

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7(a) Three from: 3 Computer system Monitor Camera Microphone Speaker Router 7(b) Four from: 4 Saves money on travel Saves time in not having to travel to a central meeting Saves money on accommodation Meetings can be called at short notice Safer due to not travelling Saves money as a conference room does not need to be set up Saves examination board resources as individuals are paying for their own utilities Allows communication with examiners in different locations 7(c) One mark for the software and two marks for the description 3 Hardware drivers Two from: To ensure the webcam transmits the images To ensure the microphone transmits the sound CODEC Two from: Encodes or decodes digital data streams Allows data to be transmitted and played back Allows data to be compressed when transmitted Echo cancellation software Two from: Allows talking to take place in real time Allows synchronisation of communication It stops feedback from the microphone picking up sound from the speakers Video conferencing software Two from: Allows the video conference to take place Users log in to the software so reduces security issues

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8 Four from: 4 A 3D printer uses different types of materials Ink jet printers use ink A 3D printer makes a solid object Takes a longer time to print with a 3D printer 3D printers use tomography Inkjet printers spray droplets of ink Ink jet printer output fades with time 3D printer needs to be physically set up each time therefore takes more time Inkjet printers print in 2D

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9(a) Four from: 4 Smishing is a form of online fraud Uses text messages Uses a mobile phone to send fake messages Scams can contain a link embedded in the text message Appears to come from a legitimate source The user clicks on the link The user is asked to enter personal details 9(b) Two from: 2 Use a filter Do not click on links from people you do not know Avoid using contact information in a message If the message is urgent, check it carefully Do not share personal information in any text message

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10(a) Head 2 Body 10(b) Two from: 2 It’s a place holder/tag It allows quick access to the web page, so the user does not have to search for it To create a location in the HTML document Stores the URL in the system

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11(a) Two from: 2 Web log Personal internet journal Author types in observations on a topic Single author People can only read them and comment Reverse chronological order 11(b) Two from: 2 Web application Anyone in the group can edit/create/delete content There are many authors Page layout can be changed by the author Factual information (about many topics)

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12 Advantages 4 Max three from: Larger data storage Less expensive as several SSD have to be purchased Longer life span More read and write cycles Cheaper per byte Disadvantages Max three from: Slower data access rate Slower data transfer rate SSD is more robust Affected by magnetic fields