Biology 0610/12 February/March 2025: question paper and mark scheme

Question

The diagram shows some of the processes carried out by living organisms. carbon dioxide in the atmosphere P Q light energy green chicken plant P Q Q waste waste products products Which two characteristics of living organisms are represented by arrows P and Q? A excretion and sensitivity B nutrition and excretion C respiration and growth D sensitivity and reproduction

Question

The scientific name for a domesticated llama is Lama glama. The scientific name for a domesticated sheep is Ovis aries. What is the genus name for the llama and the species name for the sheep? genus name species name for the llama for the sheep A glama aries B glama Ovis C Lama aries D Lama Ovis

Question

The photograph shows an arthropod, Formica fusca. What is the reason for placing Formica fusca into the correct group? A It is an arachnid, because the body is in segments. B It is a crustacean, because the legs have joints. C It is an insect, because there are three pairs of legs. D It is a myriapod, because there are two antennae.

Question

The photomicrograph shows part of an animal cell. X What is the structure labelled X? A chloroplast B mitochondrion C ribosome D vacuole

Question

Where are carbohydrates made in a green leaf? A cell vacuoles B chloroplasts C phloem D xylem

Question

What is the formula for calculating the magnification of specimens? A actual size ÷ image size B actual size × image size C image size – actual size D image size ÷ actual size

Question

What increases the rate of diffusion of oxygen into a cell? A decreasing the concentration gradient B decreasing the surface area C increasing the diffusion distance D increasing the temperature

Question

The apparatus shown is used to demonstrate osmosis. dialysis tubing acting as a partially permeable membrane solution K solution L The mass of the dialysis tubing and contents was 11.2 g at the start of the demonstration and 9.4 g at the end. Which solutions would cause this change in mass? solution K solution L A 10% salt solution 5% salt solution B 5% salt solution 10% salt solution C 5% salt solution water D 10% salt solution water

Question

A student placed amylase and starch solution in a test-tube. After some minutes, the student tested samples of the liquid in the test-tube. They recorded the colour of the samples after testing for starch and reducing sugar. Which row shows the test used and the expected results? test used test result to test for test for to test for starch test for starch reducing sugar reducing sugar A DCPIP Benedict’s solution blue-black red B DCPIP biuret yellow-brown blue C iodine solution Benedict’s solution yellow-brown red D iodine solution biuret blue-black blue

Question

Enzyme R digests protein in the stomach. Four test-tubes are set up. Each contains the same amounts of protein and enzyme R. The test-tubes are kept at different levels of pH and temperature, as shown in the table. In which test-tube will protein digestion be quickest? pH temperature / °C A 2 20 B 2 35 C 7 20 D 7 35

Question

A student investigated the rate of photosynthesis in four species of plants at 20 °C and at 30 °C. All other conditions were kept constant. The results are shown. rate of photosynthesis species / arbitrary units 20 °C 30 °C W 15.5 12.6 X 19.0 30.2 Y 34.5 36.4 Z 18.8 31.7 Which statement is a correct conclusion from these data? A Species W photosynthesises at a lower rate at 20 °C than at 30 °C. B Species X has the greatest change in rate of photosynthesis between 20 °C and 30 °C. C Species Y photosynthesises at the highest rate at both 20 °C and at 30 °C. D Species Z photosynthesises at the highest rate at 20 °C and at the lowest rate at 30 °C.

Question

Which stage of nutrition takes place when food molecules become part of a body cell? A absorption B assimilation C digestion D ingestion

Question

The diagram shows human teeth in the mouth. 1 2 3 4 Which types of teeth can be used to grind food? A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 only C 3 and 4 only D 4 only

Question

What are functions of the hydrochloric acid in gastric juice? giving the optimum pH killing bacteria for gastric enzymes A key B = yes C = no D

Question

Where does most absorption of nutrients occur? A B D C

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Which statement describes a function of xylem in a plant stem? A transport of amino acids B transport of carbon dioxide C transport of mineral ions D transport of sucrose

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Which row shows the components of the human circulatory system? blood vessels one-way valves pump A key B = yes C = no D

Question

What is a function of white blood cells? A antibody production B blood clotting C transport of oxygen D transport of urea

Question

Which substances act as body defences? 1 mucus 2 red blood cells 3 stomach acid A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Question

A student investigates the effect of physical activity on their breathing rate. They record their breathing rate at different times. Which row shows the change in the breathing rate of the student? breathing rate / breaths per minute before physical during physical one minute after five minutes after activity activity physical activity physical activity A 15 16 28 34 B 16 18 34 28 C 15 34 28 16 D 16 28 34 16

Question

Which substance is a gas needed for aerobic respiration? A carbon dioxide B glucose C oxygen D water

Question

Which substance is produced during anaerobic respiration in yeast? A alcohol B glucose C lactic acid D water

Question

Where in the human body is urea excreted? A bladder B kidneys C liver D lungs

Question

What is the route taken by an electrical impulse in a simple reflex arc? A effector → motor neurone → relay neurone → sensory neurone → receptor B effector → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → receptor C receptor → motor neurone → relay neurone → sensory neurone → effector D receptor → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → effector

Question

What is the function of the iris? A It carries impulses from the eye to the brain. B It controls the amount of light entering the pupil. C It focuses the light onto the retina. D It refracts light entering the eye.

Question

Tropic responses can be positive or negative. When a plant grows towards the stimulus, the response is positive (+). When a plant grows away from the stimulus, the response is negative (–). The diagram shows a plant exhibiting tropic responses. N light from one side M Which row states the tropic responses occurring at position M and at position N? position M position N gravitropism phototropism gravitropism phototropism A + + – – B + – – + C – + + – D – – + +

Question

A number of plants are produced using asexual reproduction. Which statement about these plants is correct? A They are produced from one parent and are genetically different. B They are produced from one parent and are genetically identical. C They are produced from two parents and are genetically different. D They are produced from two parents and are genetically identical.

Question

Which structure is pollen transferred from and to during pollination? A from anther to ovary B from anther to stigma C from stigma to ovary D from stigma to ovule

Question

In addition to a suitable temperature, what else is always necessary for seed germination? A carbon dioxide and sunlight B mineral ions C sunlight and water D water and oxygen

Question

What happens to the lining of the human uterus in the days before the release of an egg cell? A It breaks down. B It is lost from the body. C It thickens. D It thins.

Question

Which term is defined as a length of DNA that codes for a protein? A a gene B an amino acid C an X chromosome D a Y chromosome

Question

Polydactyly is an inherited condition that can occur in cats. It results in the affected offspring having extra toes. The allele for polydactyly is dominant and is represented by the letter T. The allele for not having polydactyly is recessive and is represented by the letter t. A cat with the genotype Tt is bred with a cat with the genotype tt. What is the probability of the offspring having polydactyly? A 25% B 50% C 75% D 100%

Question

A student measured the heights of her friends to see how they vary. Which statements would apply to this type of variation? 1 A range of phenotypes between two extremes will be seen. 2 The variation will be caused by genes and the environment. 3 The variation will be caused by genes only. 4 There will be a limited number of phenotypes with no intermediates. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

Question

The diagram shows a food web. leopard baboon scorpion impala locust grass At which trophic levels is the leopard feeding? A first and second B second and third C second and fourth D third and fifth

Question

Pythons were accidentally introduced to a region in the 1990s. Since then, they have reproduced in the wild and become a pest. The number of pythons removed from the wild can give an indication of the population size, as shown. 500 400 number 300 of pythons removed 200 100 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 year Which phase of the population growth curve of pythons is shown in 2005? A death B exponential (log) C lag D stationary

Question

Which statement describes a disadvantage of growing crop plants as a monoculture? A There is a decrease in biodiversity. B There is a decrease in the chance of a disease destroying the crop. C There is a decrease in the use of herbicides. D There is a decrease in the use of insecticides.

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What are the effects of deforestation on the environment? increased carbon decreased destruction of dioxide levels in flooding local food webs atmosphere A key B = yes C = no D

Question

Which statement about non-biodegradable plastics in aquatic environments is correct? A As non-biodegradable plastics decompose in aquatic environments, they release carbon dioxide. B Extremely small fragments of non-biodegradable plastics can move up the food chain. C Non-biodegradable plastics in aquatic environments cause an increase in the growth of producers. D Non-biodegradable plastics in aquatic environments decompose quickly.

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Which methods of conservation are used to protect endangered species? 1 captive breeding programmes 2 education 3 habitat destruction A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Question

Why are bacteria useful in biotechnology and genetic modification? A They can cause decomposition. B They can make complex molecules. C They have a cell wall. D They have a slow reproduction rate.