Physics 0625/23 October/November 2021: question paper and mark scheme

Question

For which purpose is a micrometer screw gauge suitable? A measuring the current in a coil that is known to be about 3 × 10–6 A B measuring the diameter of a ball bearing that is known to be about 3 × 10–3 m C measuring the mass of a grain of sand that is known to be about 3 × 10–3 g D measuring the moment used to turn a screw that is known to be about 3 × 10–6 N m

Question

The graph shows how the speed of a car varies with time at the start of a journey. 6 speed 5 m/s 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 time / s Which distance–time graph represents the motion of the car over the same time period? A B 12 12 10 10 distance / m distance / m 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 time / s time / s C D 6 6 5 5 distance / m distance / m 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 time / s time / s

Question

Which statement about mass and weight is correct? A Mass is a property that causes change in motion. B Mass is caused by a gravitational field acting on a weight. C Weight is a property that resists change in motion. D Weight is caused by a gravitational field acting on a mass.

Question

Which substance in the table has the lowest density? substance mass / g volume / cm3 A nylon 1.2 1.0 B cotton 1.5 1.0 C olive oil 1.8 2.0 D water 2.0 2.0

Question

The diagram shows a uniform bar resting on two supports, P and Q. 0 10 50 60 100 cm P Q The weight of the bar is 4.0 N. What is the force exerted on the bar by support P? A 0.80 N B 2.0 N C 3.2 N D 4.0 N

Question

A spring, which obeys Hooke’s law, has an unstretched length of 10 cm. A load of 20 N is suspended from the spring. The new length of the spring is 36 cm. What is the spring constant k of the spring? A 0.56 N / cm B 0.77 N / cm C 1.3 N / cm D 1.8 N / cm

Question

A cricket ball has a mass of 0.16 kg. The ball travels at 30 m / s. The ball is hit by a bat with a force of 10 800 N. After being hit, the ball moves off at 30 m / s in the opposite direction. 30 m / s 30 m / s For how long was the ball in contact with the bat? A 0.0004 s B 0.00089 s C 0.0044 s D 0.015 s

Question

Electrical energy may be obtained from nuclear fission. In which order is the energy transferred in this process? A nuclear fuel → generator → reactor and boiler → turbines B nuclear fuel → generator → turbines → reactor and boiler C nuclear fuel → reactor and boiler → generator → turbines D nuclear fuel → reactor and boiler → turbines → generator

Question

Which energy resource has the Sun as its only source of energy? A geothermal B nuclear C oil D tidal

Question

A man, attached to an elastic cord, jumps from a platform. He falls 60 m before starting to rise. The length of the unextended cord is 30 m. The diagrams show four successive stages in his fall. In which position is elastic (strain) energy and kinetic energy present? A B C D 30 m 45 m 60 m

Question

The diagram shows three glass containers. All three contain water filled to the same vertical height h. P Q R h h h wooden block supporting R The base area of P is equal to the base area of R. The base area of Q is larger than the other two. Students are asked to compare the water pressure at the bottom of each container. Student 1 says that the pressure at base R is more than the pressure at base P. Student 2 says that the pressure at base Q is less than the pressure at base P. Student 3 says that the pressures at all three bases are the same. Which students are correct? A none are correct B 1 only C 2 only D 3 only

Question

A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not boiling. Which statement about the liquid is correct at an instant in time? A Any molecule can escape, and from any part of the liquid. B Any molecule can escape, but only from the liquid’s surface. C Only molecules with enough energy can escape, and only from the liquid’s surface. D Only molecules with enough energy can escape, but from any part of the liquid.

Question

The same mass of a gas is trapped in four identical cylinders by a piston that can move. The diagrams show the samples of gas in different conditions of volume and temperature. 1 2 3 4 piston 20 °C 40 °C 40 °C 50 °C Which list gives the pressure of the gas in order from lowest to highest? A 1→2→3→4 B 1→3→2→4 C 4→2→3→1 D 4→3→2→1

Question

An aluminium block has a mass of 200 g. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg °C). How much energy is needed to increase the temperature of the block from 20 °C to 110 °C? A 2.0 J B 2000 J C 16 200 J D 16 200 000 J

Question

A solid and a gas are each given the same increase in temperature. The gas is kept at a constant pressure. Which row is correct? the one which the reason expands most A the gas molecules in the gas each expand more than the solid molecules B the gas the molecules in the solid are held strongly together C the solid molecules in the solid each expand more than the gas molecules D the solid all the molecules in the gas are separate from one another

Question

The diagram shows a pan used for cooking food. handle of pan base of pan Which row is correct for the materials used to make the base and the handle of the pan? base of pan handle of pan A good thermal conductor good thermal conductor B good thermal conductor poor thermal conductor C poor thermal conductor good thermal conductor D poor thermal conductor poor thermal conductor

Question

In the diagram, the mountaineer can hear the stream although he cannot see it. When he is closer to the gully, he can both hear and see the stream. When he is further from the gully, he can neither hear nor see the stream. gully mountaineer stream Which statement is not correct? A As he approaches the gully edge, he hears first the short wavelength, higher frequencies and then the long wavelength, lower frequencies. B As he approaches the gully edge, the sound becomes louder. C He hears the stream because some of the sound is diffracted. D He hears the stream because some of the sound is reflected from the opposite wall of the gully.

Question

Which row correctly defines the frequency and the speed of a wave? frequency speed A number of waves distance travelled per unit time B number of waves time taken for one complete wave to pass a point C number of waves distance travelled passing per unit time per unit time D number of waves time taken for one complete passing per unit time wave to pass a point

Question

A ray of light travels from air into a glass block. in air in glass speed of ray va vg wavelength of ray λa λg frequency of ray fa fg Three suggestions as to how the refractive index of glass n may be calculated are listed. va 1 n= vg λa 2 n= λg fa 3 n= fg Which suggestions are correct? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Question

The diagram shows a ray of light in air incident on a glass block. Some of the light is refracted and some of the light is reflected. Two angles, p and q, are marked on the diagram. ray of light q air p glass Which row gives the angle of incidence and states whether total internal reflection occurs? angle of total internal incidence reflection A p no B p yes C q no D q yes

Question

A photographer sees his image as shown. X photographer image What could X be? A B C D mirror translucent transparent transparent glass block glass prism semicircular glass block

Question

The Sun emits infrared radiation and light. Light from the Sun reaches the Earth in 8 minutes. Which row gives correct information about the infrared radiation? wavelength of time taken for infrared infrared radiation radiation to reach the Earth A longer than wavelength of light 8 minutes B longer than wavelength of light much less than 8 minutes C shorter than wavelength of light 8 minutes D shorter than wavelength of light much more than 8 minutes

Question

Which row gives the typical values of the speed of sound at room temperature in the materials stated? speed of sound m/s air water iron A 340 1500 5100 B 340 5100 1500 C 5100 1500 340 D 3.0 × 108 3.0 × 108 3.0 × 108

Question

What is ultrasound? A sound waves that are so loud that they damage human hearing B sound waves that are too high-pitched for humans to hear C sound waves that are too low-pitched for humans to hear D sound waves that are too quiet for humans to hear

Question

A stationary, charged particle is in a field. Which fields can cause there to be a force on this particle due to its charge? 1 gravitational field 2 magnetic field 3 electric field A 1 and 2 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Question

An electric current in a copper wire is due to the flow of charge. Which particles are moving along the wire? A α-particles B copper nuclei C electrons D protons

Question

Which row is correct? direction of definition of current I conventional current Q A I= from positive terminal t to negative terminal Q B I= from negative terminal t to positive terminal C I=Q×t from positive terminal to negative terminal D I=Q×t from negative terminal to positive terminal

Question

The diagram shows a circuit containing two resistors of resistance 1.0 Ω and 2.0 Ω. A voltmeter is connected across the 1.0 Ω resistor by connecting P to X. The reading on the voltmeter is 6.0 V. 1.0 Ω X 2.0 Ω Y P V P is moved to point Y in the circuit. What is the new reading on the voltmeter? A 3.0 V B 6.0 V C 12 V D 18 V

Question

Which graph shows the current–voltage characteristic for a filament lamp? A B C D I I I I 0 0 0 0 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V

Question

The diagrams show pairs of circuits containing logic gates. In which diagram does the lower circuit of the pair behave differently from the upper circuit? A B C D

Question

Two 3.0 Ω resistors and one 6.0 Ω resistor are connected in series with a cell. Which statement is correct? A The current in the cell is equal to the current in the resistors. B The current in the cell is greater than the current in the resistors. C The potential difference (p.d.) across each resistor is equal to the p.d. across the cell. D The potential differences across each resistor are equal.

Question

Two resistors, with resistances R1 and R2, are connected in parallel. The resistance R1 is greater than the resistance R2. R1 R2 What is the resistance of the parallel combination? A less than either R1 or R2 B equal to R1 C equal to R2 D the average of R1 and R2

Question

Circuit breakers and fuses are devices used to protect a circuit from overloading. Which statement correctly describes the difference between a circuit breaker and a fuse? A Circuit breakers can be reset if they operate but fuses need to be replaced. B Circuit breakers need to be replaced if they operate but fuses can be reset. C Circuit breakers can be used in an a.c. circuit but fuses cannot. D Circuit breakers cannot be used in an a.c. circuit but fuses can.

Question

Electrical energy is transferred by transmission lines at high voltage. Which statement explains why a high voltage is used? A The voltage is alternating. B The transmission lines have a larger resistance. C The transmission lines carry greater power. D There is a smaller current in the transmission lines for the same power.

Question

Which diagram shows the magnetic field around a straight, current-carrying wire? A B current current C D current current

Question

The coil in a d.c. motor is connected to a split-ring commutator. What is the purpose of the split-ring commutator? A to ensure that the coil continues to rotate in the same direction B to ensure that the size of the current in the coil remains constant C to ensure that the size of the turning effect on the coil remains constant D to ensure that the turning effect on the coil changes direction

Question

The nucleus of an americium atom contains 146 neutrons and 95 protons. It decays by emitting an α-particle. How many neutrons and how many protons remain in the nucleus when this form of americium decays? number of neutrons number of protons remaining remaining A 142 93 B 142 95 C 144 93 D 144 95

Question

The half-life for lead-202 is 52 500 years. A sample of lead-202 produces 800 counts / s. How long will it take for the count rate to drop to 100 counts / s? A 105 000 years B 157 500 years C 210 000 years D 420 000 years

Question

Oxygen-15 is used in hospitals. The count rate from a detector placed close to a sample of oxygen-15 was recorded over a period of 15 min. The background count rate is 20 counts / min. 200 180 count rate counts / min 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 time / min What is the half-life of this sample of oxygen-15? A 2.0 min B 2.4 min C 2.8 min D 7.5 min

Question

Of the three types of ionising radiation, α, β and γ, why does α-emission cause the most ionisation? A α-particles have the smallest mass. B α-particles have the greatest mass. C α-particles move with the greatest speed. D α-particles travel the greatest distance in matter.