Physics 0625/42 October/November 2021: question paper and mark scheme

Question

Fig. 1.1 shows a space rocket accelerating away from a launch pad. Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 is a speed–time graph for the first 30 s of the rocket’s flight. 2000 speed m/s 1500 1000 500 0 0 10 20 30 time / s Fig. 1.2 (a) Describe how the acceleration of the rocket changes between time = 10 s and time = 30 s. …… [1] (b) By drawing a tangent to the graph, determine the acceleration of the rocket at time = 25 s. acceleration = …… [2] (c) Determine the distance travelled by the rocket between time = 0 and time = 10 s. distance = …… [2] [Total: 5]

Question

(a) State Hooke’s law. …… [1] (b) Fig. 2.1 shows the extension–load graph for a spring. 200 extension / mm 100 0 0 10 20 30 load / N Fig. 2.1 (i) On Fig. 2.1, mark and label the region where the spring obeys Hooke’s law. [1] (ii) Calculate the spring constant k. k = …… [2] (iii) The original length of the spring is 120 mm. Calculate the length of the spring when a load of 8.5 N is applied to the spring. length = …… [2] (c) The weight of an object is 4.0 N on a planet where the acceleration of free fall is 8.7 m / s2. Calculate the mass of the object. mass = …… [2] [Total: 8]

Question

Fig. 3.1 shows a collision at very slow speed between two cars travelling along a straight road. car B car A Fig. 3.1 Car B, of mass 800 kg, is moving at 2.0 m / s and collides with car A, of mass 1000 kg, which is stationary. After the collision, both cars travel in the same direction as the initial direction of car B. (a) After the collision, car A moves at 1.3 m / s. Show that the speed of car B after the collision is approximately 0.4 m / s. [3] (b) (i) Calculate the impulse exerted by car A on car B. impulse = …… [2] (ii) State the impulse exerted by car B on car A. impulse = …… [1] [Total: 6]

Question

(a) A power station uses wind energy to generate electricity. State and explain whether this method of generating electricity is renewable. statement …… explanation …… [2] (b) State two energy resources that do not have the Sun as their source. 1 …… 2 …… [2] (c) For each energy resource, state the form of energy stored in: fossil fuels …… water behind hydroelectric dams. …… [2] [Total: 6]

Question

(a) A thermocouple thermometer is used to determine the temperature difference between a mixture of ice and water and liquid mercury at approximately 600 °C. Complete Fig. 5.1 with a labelled diagram to show how the thermocouple thermometer can be used in this way. mixture of liquid mercury ice and water at approximately 600 °C Fig. 5.1 [3] (b) State two other physical properties that can be used to measure temperature. 1 …… 2 …… [2] (c) State two benefits of using a thermocouple thermometer instead of a liquid-in-glass thermometer. 1 …… 2 …… [2] [Total: 7]

Question

Fig. 6.1 shows particles of a material in which a sound wave is travelling. Fig. 6.1 (not to scale) (a) On Fig. 6.1, mark: (i) the centre of a compression with the letter C [1] (ii) the centre of a rarefaction with the letter R [1] (iii) one wavelength with a double-ended arrow. [1] (b) Circle one value from the list which is the speed of sound in water. 15 m / s 150 m / s 1500 m / s 15 000 m / s 150 000 m / s 1 500 000 m / s [1] (c) The wavelength of a sound wave in water is 12 cm. Calculate the frequency of this sound wave using your value from (b). frequency = …… [3] (d) State and explain whether the sound in (c) is ultrasound. statement …… explanation …… [2] [Total: 9]

Question

Fig. 7.1 shows a ray of light approaching face AB of a glass prism of refractive index 1.5. A ray of light B C Fig. 7.1 (a) (i) On Fig. 7.1, accurately draw the path of the ray within the prism from face AB to face AC. You will need to make a measurement from Fig. 7.1 and carry out a calculation. [4] (ii) Determine the angle of incidence of this ray when it strikes face AC. angle = …… [1] (b) Without further measurement or calculation, sketch on Fig. 7.1 the approximate path of the ray after passing through the face AC. [1] (c) Fig. 7.2 shows a ray of light travelling within an optical fibre. ray of light optical fibre X Fig. 7.2 (i) Complete the path of the ray of light to the left-hand end of the fibre. [2] (ii) Name the process taking place at X. …… [1] [Total: 9]

Question

(a) Fig. 8.1 shows a conducting object A, initially uncharged, held on an insulating stand. The positively charged rod B is brought close to object A. charged rod B + conducting + object A + + + insulating stand Fig. 8.1 (i) On Fig. 8.1, draw the distribution of charges on object A. [2] (ii) A wire is connected from object A to earth. State and explain any movement of charge. statement …… explanation …… [2] (b) There is a current in a wire of 0.65 mA for 2.2 minutes. Calculate the charge that flows. charge = …… [3] [Total: 7]

Question

(a) Fig. 9.1 shows a cell of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 1.5 V and a battery of e.m.f. 6.0 V connected in series. 1.5 V 6.0 V Fig. 9.1 Calculate the combined e.m.f. of the cell and the battery. e.m.f. = …… [1] (b) The combined resistance of the three resistors shown in Fig. 9.2 is 4.4 Ω. 2.0 Ω I R 3.0 Ω Fig. 9.2 (i) Calculate the resistance of resistor R. resistance = …… [3] (ii) The current I in Fig. 9.2 is 0.94 A. Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the combination of resistors. p.d. = …… [2] [Total: 6]

Question

(a) Name the logic gate shown in Fig. 10.1. …… Fig. 10.1 [1] (b) Fig. 10.2 shows a combination of logic gates. input I output O Fig. 10.2 Complete the right-hand column of Table 10.1, the truth table for the combination of logic gates. You may use the blank column for your working. Table 10.1 input I output O 0 1 [2] (c) An electrical device has a metal case. Explain the benefit of earthing the metal case. …… [2] (d) (i) Explain how a fuse protects a circuit. …… [2] (ii) The current in an electric kettle connected to the mains through a fuse is 10 A. Fuses with the following ratings are available. 3A 9A 10 A 13 A 30 A Circle the correct fuse rating for this appliance and explain your answer. …… [2] [Total: 9]

Question

(a) Describe the composition and structure of a neutral atom of beryllium-8, which has a proton number of 4 and a nucleon number of 8. …… [4] (b) A radioactive isotope decays by β-emission to form an isotope of barium with nucleon number 135. Table 11.1 element symbol proton number iodine I 53 xenon Xe 54 caesium Cs 55 barium Ba 56 lanthanum La 57 cerium Ce 58 praseodymium Pr 59 Use data from Table 11.1 to write down the nuclide equation for this decay. [4] [Total: 8]