Information and Communication Technology 0417/12 February/March 2024: question paper and mark scheme

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1 SD Card 2 Flash memory

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2(a) Applications 2 One from: This provides the services that the user requires to solve a task Allows the user to perform a task System One from: This provides the services that the computer requires to operate Controls the hardware and software This provides a link between the user and the hardware Acts as a platform for other software to run 2(b)(i) Two from, for example: 2 Word processing software Spreadsheet Database management system Applets 2(b)(ii) Two from: 2 Compilers Linkers Device drivers Operating system Interpreters Utilities

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3 Analogue data 4 Max three from: Is continuous In waveform Low bandwidth Needs to be converted to be processed/read/stored by a computer Digital data Max three from: Is discrete In the form of 1s and 0s/binary Uses sampling to capture the data High bandwidth Can be processed by a computer without conversion

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4 Four from: 4 Controls all CPU operations Controls the input and output devices Controls the movement of data within the computer Retrieves instructions Retrieves data from memory Decodes instructions Executes instructions sent from the hardware and software Carries out calculations and comparisons Makes logical decisions Registers/stores the results from the ALU

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5 Two from: 2 Command Line/CLI Dialogue based Graphical user/GUI

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6(a) Two from: 2 Looking at a screen to control devices Point device at a building/object and info is displayed Gaming AR glasses in healthcare Immersive learning Layering filters in social media 6(b) Two from: 2 AR uses a real-world setting whereas VR only enhances a fictional reality AR can be accessed with a smartphone whereas VR usually requires a headset device AR enhances both the virtual and real world whereas VR is completely computer generated/virtual world

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7(a)(i) Two from: 2 This is the system that displays questions for the user to answer The user answers with Y/N type answers User interface displays the results 7(a)(ii) Two from: 2 This is a collection of facts and rules Created from information provided by experts 7(b) Four from: 4 The user interface asks questions The user answers the questions with Y/N answers The expert system asks further questions based on the answers given The inference engine searches the knowledge base using the rules base Probabilities would be given of the likelihood of finding water An explanation system explains how the expert system arrives at the solution Results are displayed on the user interface

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8(a) Two from: 2 It’s a fraudulent practice of making phone calls/leaving voice messages The caller pretends to be from a reputable company Forces individuals to reveal personal information Voice mail/VOIP/phone call phishing 8(b) Two from: 2 Never give out personal information to the caller Ring the bank/company on a known number Hang up and do your own investigation Block their number Don’t answer the call if you do not recognise the number

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9 Similarities 6 Max two from: Both are used in design Both are documents produced by the developers The results generated affect the implementation of the software Differences Max five from: Test plan is about the test being carried out It is a short term plan whereas a test plan is a long term plan Used on one piece of software whereas a test plan can be used on multiple pieces of software Shows the test objectives Carried out by the test manager/team whereas a test plan is carried out by the project manager Test plan describes how to test/when to test/who will test Test strategy is more detailed Shows the methods to be used to test it The test strategy is a set of instructions/guidelines which explain the test design The test strategy determines how the test should be carried out States what type of technique to follow and which module to test Created before the test plan

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10(a) Two from: 2 Prevents errors when data is being copied from one medium to another Comparing the data against the original If a second person carries out the checking then it ensures errors are not missed 10(b) Three matched pairs: 6 Format check Check that the format is dd/mm/yyyy Range check Month ranges from 01 to 12//Day range 01 to 31 Length check Exactly 8//Exactly 10 characters Character check The date of birth can only contain integers Type check The characters are all numbers The answer must relate to the question

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11(a) Advantages 6 Max five from: All the peripherals are separate therefore easier to customise to user’s needs All the peripherals are separate therefore it is easier to repair Connected to the mains electricity therefore no battery issues Tends to have a stronger internet signal as it can use wired connections More expandable Has a physical/larger keyboard makes it easier to enter data/fewer data entry mistakes Has a larger screen makes it easier to read the documents Disadvantages Max five from: More difficult to move around Has a larger footprint Has trailing leads therefore can be a safety issue If there is a power outage the unit will lose power instantly whereas the tablet may operate for longer The tablet can use wifi and 4/5/6G whereas the desktop tends to use wifi or wired 11(b)(i) Two from, for example: 2 Keyboard Mouse Touch screens Scanners Digital Cameras Microphones 11(b)(ii) Two from, for example: 2 Printer Monitor/projector Speakers/headphones

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12 Stored 4 Max three from: The data gets stored on remote servers accessed by the cloud within data centres The server is leased/rented on a monthly basis to the user A user’s data is stored in logical pools Managed Max three from: The data is managed by a third-party cloud provider Cloud service providers manage and maintain data transferred to the cloud This usage can be increased/decreased and the customer is billed according to the usage only

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13 Max three from, for example: 4 The device can prevent users from leaving the house Use of this device leads to the user becoming lazy Using this device user becomes obese Using this device the user becomes de-skilled Using this device it affects well-being/mental health The device may stop working/malfunction The device leads to over reliance The device leads to false alarms The device could be over-sensitive The device can order items that you do not want/need Max two for naming valid smart devices

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14(a) Three from: 3 A class definition name starts with a full stop/period A class is used for adding or changing a style within CSS/stylesheet Classes are subtypes within an element Classes are user-defined whereas a style is pre-defined Classes are defined in a stylesheet whereas styles are defined in the head section of the web page Limited number of styles 14(b) Presentation//Styles 1

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15(a) Two from: 2 The younger the audience: The more images rather than text Large font/text Bright colours The older the audience: More formal language is used More formal font Answer must relate to the age 15(b) Two from: 2 The content needs to be precise/correct The language/tone used needs to be appropriate The level of knowledge of the users/audience needs to be taken into consideration Keeping to the point in the content Respects the audience Content matches their experiences and expectations Complexity of the content Correct use of video/audio/images

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16(a) Four from: 4 Unsolicited email Sent in bulk Sent to an indiscriminate recipient list Sent by bots Email is not personalised May have many spelling/grammar errors Max two from: May ask to buy something May ask for passwords/financial/personal information May ask to carry out the task immediately May ask you to click on a link 16(b) Two from: 2 Don’t post your email address on public websites/social media Untick the box allowing your email to be used for marketing purposes Don’t reply to spam emails Don’t click links in the spam email Use a spam filter Block the sender’s email address