Information and Communication Technology 0417/12 May/June 2024: question paper and mark scheme

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1 RAM 2 ROM

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2(a) Injuries from trip hazard 1 2(b) RSI/Repetitive Strain Injury 1 2(c) One from: 1 Eye strain Headache 2(d) Electrocution 1

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3(a) Two from: 2 It is a security method Form of security to protect the resources/data that the user can access Adds another layer of security 3(b) Two from: 2 Security token Biometrics GPS signal Receive/send a code you have to enter by email/SMS Username and Password Credit card number Phone number/email address Dongle/security app

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4 Max five from: 6 Positive Travel becomes safer Allows the driver to concentrate more on the driving Helps to prevent human error Keeps pedestrians and other people safe Can avoid accidents Max five from: Negative Become very reliant on the technology Very costly to repair/maintain Makes the vehicle more expensive The device/microprocessor could stop working/misread causing injuries Error messages/alerts could distract the driver

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5(a) Two from: 2 GUI Is a WIMP system More user friendly Can be customised more easily Has limited options They are intuitive CLI The user has to type in commands The user needs a good knowledge of commands/system Users need to remember/learn the commands 5(b) Two from: 2 Dialogue based Gesture based

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6(a) Two from: 2 This is a communication system A structured discussion between two or more people This is carried out virtually/online/over the internet Involves video, web and audio 6(b) Max three marks for any devices in the answer 4 Max two marks for linked reasons: Computer/smartphone … …to connect the peripherals used in the conference Camera/webcam… …to capture moving images of the conference/participants Monitors… …to view the participants/contents/web page of the conference Microphone… …to capture the audio of the conference/participants Speaker/headphones… …so participants can listen to others in the conference Router… …to connect to the internet

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7(a) Max three from: 4 Benefits of using laptop computers It has a large screen making it easier to read back the notes The software used is more compatible with other devices More ports on a laptop therefore easy to transfer data Has a large/separate keyboard therefore less errors on data entry//Has a large/separate keyboard therefore making it easier to type in the data Max three from: Drawbacks of laptop computers Laptops are less portable More difficult to take pictures using a laptop Laptops need a flat surface to work on Large footprint Smartphones can use 4G/5G/mobile data 7(b) Four from: 4 Text size should be easy/large enough to read Font style should be easy to read Make good use of white space so data fills the certificate Enough space in which to enter the answers in the text boxes Make good use of colours to make it easy to read Use an organised layout to make it easy to read All information needs to be clearly visible Use of tick boxes to make data entry quicker/easier

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8(a) Two from: 2 Virtual Reality is completely computer generated world Virtual Reality may require a headset/goggles Virtual Reality only enhances a fictional reality Augmented Reality can be accessed with a smartphone Augmented Reality combines both the virtual and real world Augmented Reality creates a new layer on top of existing reality 8(b) Six from: 6 It can help people connect with others to improve communication skills Overlays information/warnings on the display therefore leads to safer activities Produces more efficient/engaging shopping as user could look at a product and information can be displayed The user can try on clothing electronically so you can see what the clothes look like (on you) before buying Used in walk through systems to give a greater experience for users Using it in (interactive) gaming could allow people to have a better experience of the game As it is used in gaming it could lead to safety issues as the player could be immersed in the game Could damage social relationships/skills as it removes face to face interaction On screen information could be distracting Allows us to interact with various characters/situations in real-time but not necessarily the real life

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9(a) Three from: 3 The user interface is the screen into which the user types the answer Outputs questions for the user to answer Outputs the results to the user Interacts/communicates with the user Allows the expert to enter information into the knowledge base 9(b) Three from: 3 The knowledge base is a database of information Collection of facts/information/rules Populated by experts It contains the rules base

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10 Four from: 4 Data are sent back to the sensor The sensors scan continually The sensor captures the reflected data The sensor captures analogue data The data from the sensor is sent by the ADC

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11(a) Five from: 5 Parallel running Both systems operate together until the old one is removed Staff can be trained on the whole system gradually More time consuming to enter data into two systems If the new system fails then the old system is there for a while to be used It is more expensive as two sets of staff are needed It is more expensive as two systems are needed Pilot Changeover Each branch is implemented separately Each branch changing over only uses the new system Costs are reduced as only one branch is affected at a time If there is an error in the new system only one branch is affected Staff can be trained in the branch being implemented The changeover is easier to manage 11(b) Three from: 3 Purpose of the system Limitations of the system Program/coding listing Program/coding language Program flowcharts Algorithms System flowcharts Hardware requirements//Software requirements File structures List of variables Input format Output format Sample runs/test runs Validation routines

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12(a) Two from: 2 Watching/spying on the user entering the password/data Watching/spying on the user to memorise the data/password People can eavesdrop/listen when personal data is being exchanged 12(b) Two from: 2 Cover the key pad when entering the password When entering your password in a public place, sit with your back to the wall//Enter password when no one is nearby Unclick show password Use biometrics Use contactless cards

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13(a) Double (data) entry 1 13(b) Four from: 4 An input device sends data to a computer for processing An output device receives data from the computer An output device displays the results of processed data Input devices are controlled by the user Output devices are controlled by the computer 13(c)(i) QR (Code) reader/scanner 1 13(c)(ii) Bar code reader/scanner 1 13(c)(iii) Magnetic strip(e) reader/scanner 1 13(c)(iv) RFID reader/scanner 1

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14 Three from: 3 More robust Faster data access times Faster data transfer times Faster read and write speeds Less likely to be affected by magnetic fields

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15 Four from: 4 It provides guidance/best practice rules for organisations to follow on how to use personal data Regulates the processing of personal data Protects the rights of the data subject Helps to prevent personal data being misused by third parties Protects personal data