Information and Communication Technology 0417/11 May/June 2022: question paper and mark scheme

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1 Hub 2 Bridge

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2(a) hardware 1 2(b) software 1 2(c) an applet 1 2(d) a sensor 1

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3 Two from: 2 Computer Analogue to digital convertor/ADC Digital to Analogue convertor/DAC Actuator

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4 Two from: 2 Does not need access to the internet Fewer issues storing the data as the connection could drop during storage if the cloud is used More control over the stored data

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5 Four from: 4 Advantages Less wear on the card as it is not used in a device Transaction is quicker Can be read from a pocket No shoulder surfing Disadvantages Transaction can be read by hacker’s device Does not use a PIN therefore money can be taken if lost Limit on spending on the card If lost the card could be used by anyone so is less secure To gain full marks the description must have correct answers for both advantages and disadvantages

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6(a) Used to describe the presentation of a document written in HTML 2 Enables the separation of presentation and content Part of the presentation layer 6(b) Four from: 4 Attached stylesheets are separate from the web page whereas Inline style attributes are within each web page An attached stylesheet is edited in one file whereas Inline style attributes are edited by changing each web page Attached stylesheet link has to go into the head section of the web page whereas Inline style attributes can be anywhere in the web page Inline style attributes can be within HTML tags Attached stylesheets can be applied to multiple pages whereas Inline style attributes only apply to individual web pages Inline style attributes can be used to override the attached stylesheet

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7(a) Eight from: 8 Similarity Both use a primary key Both can create searches/reports Both store data in records and fields in the table Both use indexes Differences Flat file database is a plain text file Flat file is a simple structure Flat file uses one table Relational database has linked tables/relationships Relational database allows searches/reports to be created over multiple tables Relational database allows cross referencing between tables Relational database records are easier to add Relational databases are more powerful Relational database reduces duplicate data Relational database uses foreign keys To gain full marks there must be correct answers for both similarities and differences 7(b) One from: 2 The data is in a list There is only a small amount of data A single table is to be used One mark: Example of a list such as name, address/CSV files

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8(a) One from: 3 Aches and pains in the hands and fingers Painful swelling of the wrist and fingers Two from: Caused by repetitive movements Caused by holding a mouse and clicking the buttons repetitively Caused by constant typing on a keyboard Caused by sitting in a poor posture for a long period of time 8(b) Three from: 3 Use of a wrist rest Use of a mouse rest Take regular breaks Exercise the hand and fingers Use an ergonomic keyboard/ergonomic mouse Arrange workspace so that it is not cramped Using an ergonomic chair

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9(a) Four from: 4 Text Images Logos Slide footer/header Automatic slide number Link/button to other slide/file/web page Lines for layout Animation/video/sound 9(b) Two from: 2 Microphone Headphones/speakers Sound card 9(c) Matched pairs: 4 Word processing Type/enter the text for the presentation Image editing software/graphics package/photo editing To prepare images for inclusion in the presentation Sound editing software To record the message for the presentation Video editing software To change the video of Martin Spreadsheet To create a chart/graph

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10(a) Three from: 3 Oxygen Light pH Turbidity 10(b) Six from: 6 Advantages More accurate results produced Computer does not forget to take a reading Results are processed automatically Readings can be taken at more points as many humans are needed Readings can be taken that would be impossible for humans Data can be analysed continuously Readings can be taken more frequently Safer than using humans Better response time Can work 24/7 Can be placed in remote areas where humans could not work Fewer humans required therefore reducing the cost Disadvantages Computer responds less to unusual circumstances Computer equipment can be more susceptible to atmospheric conditions Computer equipment is more likely to be damaged or stolen by vandals To gain full marks the discussion must have correct answers for both advantages and disadvantages

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11 Interviews 6 Advantages Questions can be explained if they are misunderstood this cannot happen withquestionnaires Questions can be asked relating to the answers given previously More detailed answers can be given More complex questions can be asked Questions can be changed to suit the person being interviewed The person being interviewed tends to answer all the questions Can see body language Disadvantages They are not anonymous whereas questionnaires are Takes far longer to complete than a questionnaire The interviewer and interviewee must be available at the same time More expensive as the interviewer has to be hired and interviewee needs time off Answers may not be honest//more honest with a questionnaire as the person isanonymous Answers may be skewed by the interviewer Answers in a questionnaire can be analysed quicker through OMR Questionnaires tend to be sent to more people To gain full marks the discussion must have correct answers for both interviews and questionnaires

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12(a)(i) Fire 2 Two from: CO2 fire extinguisher Don’t overload sockets Have fans/cooling system Use Residual Circuit Breaker/RCB 12(a)(ii) Electrocution 2 Don’t bring drinks close to computers Cover/insulate live/bare wires 12(b) Three from: 3 Report/block cyberbullies Respect other players Check game ratings for age Reduce the amount of time spent gaming Be careful of in-app purchases Turn on privacy settings Don’t use your real name//use a nick name Don’t give away personal information 12(c) Max two from: 4 Part of the authentication system Needed to improve security Max three from: Combined they are unique User ID is an identifier for the user Password is a string of characters Passwords verify the user in the authentication process

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13(a) Four from: 4 Copyright is the legal and exclusive right to copy, or permit to be copied, some specific work If you own the copyright on the content of a web page someone else cannot make a copy of it without your permission Copyright usually originates with the creator of a work, but can be sold, traded, orinherited by others If you blog, take photographs, publish music, or otherwise produce copyrightable content, you legally own that content Whether you want to let other people use it or not is your decision If you want to use other people’s content, you have to understand permissions andlicensing, what is legal and what isn’t//Read Terms and Conditions Supports the original producers of the software/content 13(b) Serial numbers/product keys 4 When software is being installed, users are often asked to enter a unique number which proves the software is original Serial numbers and product keys are supplied with the original copy of the software Holograms Holograms are often used on the packaging of software and they indicate that the copy is genuine Software without a hologram on the packaging is usually an illegal copy as they are too difficult and costly for pirates to implement Licence agreements Licence agreements are part of the software installation process and they inform the user exactly how they are legally allowed to use the product Users are required to 'agree to terms of use' before they can complete the installation Any breach of this can mean prosecution and fines One mark for naming the method then one mark for each reason To gain full marks candidates must have at least one description in addition to naming the methods 13(c)(i) Four from: 4 The laws within a country//In some countries emails are monitored and people arepunished for what they write Using emails for marketing purposes//Laws differ in different countries Netiquette Local guidelines set by an employer The need for security//Some countries monitor keywords in emails Password protection does not allow people to see the contents Cultural offences 13(c)(ii) Two from for example: 2 Include a clear, direct subject line Use a professional email address Use professional salutations Use exclamation points sparingly Be cautious with humour/sarcasm/slang Proofread the message before you click send Do not use capital letters as it implies shouting Do not use swear/offensive words Do not use defamatory comments Protect others privacy

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14(a) Checks the data entered/transferred/copied correctly 2 Matches the original document 14(b) Check digit: Serial_number 3 Length: Shelf_number Type: Number_in_stock//Name_of_supplier//Name_of_item 14(c) Serial_number 1

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15(a) Four from: 4 Is debit card number valid/exists Does name entered match that on system Is expiry/start date valid/matches date stored on system Does security code/CVV entered match that stored on system Is there available credit/funds in the bank account Checks for unusual spending patterns Is card blocked/reported stolen/lost 15(b) Four from: 4 Computer looks up the date of performance/performance reference number Matching record is retrieved Checks/Searches if the seats are available Flags the seats to stop double booking as temporary hold Reduced number of available seats by the number booked//seats flagged as fully booked Calculate cost of seats Prints ticket/generates e-ticket E-ticket/ticket sent to customer Receipt is printed/Verification email sent Data is checked for accuracy If booking not completed, then temporarily hold flag is removed from the seat Reduce number of seats available once the booking is complete