Biology 0610/12 May/June 2021: question paper and mark scheme

Question

What is a characteristic of all living organisms? A breathing B circulation C egestion D sensitivity

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Which term is used to describe a group of living things that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring? A binomial B genus C organism D species

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Scientists discover a new species of animal. It has a segmented body with two pairs of legs on each segment. To which group of animals does this new species belong? A arachnids B crustaceans C insects D myriapods

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Which part of a cell makes glucose? A cell membrane B chloroplast C nucleus D vacuole

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The diagram shows some of the blood vessels and other structures in the human body. The blood vessels shown are all parts of the same A cell. B organ. C organ system. D tissue.

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A photograph shows a plant cell nucleus measuring 2 mm across. If the magnification of the cell is ×500, what is the actual size of the nucleus? A 0.00002 mm B 0.004 mm C 0.04 mm D 250 mm

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By which process do oxygen and carbon dioxide move between cells and capillaries? A breathing B diffusion C excretion D respiration

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A cylinder of potato tissue was placed in a concentrated salt solution. After soaking for one hour the potato tissue was observed. How will the potato tissue have changed after soaking for one hour? A longer and firmer B no change C shorter and softer D shorter and firmer

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Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates? A carbon B hydrogen C nitrogen D oxygen

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Starch is digested by amylase in the mouth, but it is not digested in the stomach. What is the reason for this? A All starch digestion is completed in the mouth. B The pH in the stomach is not suitable for the amylase to work. C The starch does not stay in the stomach long enough to be digested. D The temperature in the stomach is not suitable for the amylase to work.

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Which statement about an enzyme-controlled reaction is correct? A During the reaction, the substrate changes into products. B The enzyme is gradually used up during the reaction. C The enzyme is slowly broken down during the reaction. D The higher the temperature, the slower the reaction.

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A plant with striped leaves was kept in bright light for six hours. white stripe green stripe A leaf was taken from the plant and the chlorophyll was removed. The leaf was then tested for starch using iodine solution. Which diagram shows the result of the test? A B C D yellow-brown white blue-black yellow-brown blue-black blue-black green green

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The diagram shows a cross-section of a leaf. X What is the name of cell X? A epidermal B guard C palisade mesophyll D spongy mesophyll

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In humans, where does most of the absorption of digested food take place? A colon B kidney C liver D small intestine

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The diagram shows part of the human body. X Y Which statement about organs X and Y is correct? A X absorbs more water from food than Y. B X does not absorb water from food. C Y absorbs more water from food than X. D Y does not absorb water from food.

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What are the functions of human incisors and molars? incisors molars A cutting cutting B cutting grinding C grinding cutting D grinding grinding

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Which sequence describes the pathway taken by water as it moves through a plant? A root hair cell → xylem → root cortex cell → mesophyll B mesophyll → xylem → root cortex cell → root hair cell C root cortex cell → root hair cell → xylem → mesophyll D root hair cell → root cortex cell → xylem → mesophyll

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A plant shoot is placed in a solution of dye. The dye moves up the stem. Under which conditions will the dye move most slowly? temperature humidity A high high B high low C low high D low low

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How does blood enter the heart? A through arteries into the atria B through arteries into the ventricles C through veins into the atria D through veins into the ventricles

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The diagram shows a cross-section through a human blood vessel. elastic and fibrous connective tissue muscle layer Which type of blood vessel does the diagram show? A an artery B a capillary C a vein D a ventricle

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What is a function of some white blood cells? A to carry glucose B to carry oxygen C to produce antibiotics D to produce antibodies

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The diagrams show the depth and rate of breathing in a person at 12:00 and 13:00. 12:00 13:00 0.5 dm3 volume volume 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 time / seconds time / seconds What happens to the person’s breathing between 12:00 and 13:00? depth rate of breathing of breathing A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

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What is the link between muscle contraction, protein synthesis and the maintenance of a constant body temperature? A They are controlled by hormones. B They are examples of homeostasis. C They require energy. D They require carbon dioxide.

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What are the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast? lactic acid alcohol carbon dioxide A key B = yes C = no D

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The diagram shows some of the organs in the human body. 1 2 3 Which row matches the function to the correct organ? excretes carbon excretes urea produces urea dioxide A 1 2 3 B 1 3 2 C 2 3 1 D 2 1 3

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The diagram shows a reflex arc. Which labelled part is the effector? B A C D

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A person’s iris is damaged. What is the effect of this? A Nerve impulses from the eye cannot reach the brain. B The person cannot control how much light enters the eye. C The person cannot focus light onto the retina. D Receptors do not produce nerve impulses in response to light.

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Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas? A adrenaline B insulin C oestrogen D testosterone

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The graph shows how smoking different numbers of cigarettes for different lengths of time affects the risk of lung cancer. 45 key 40 smoking less than 20 cigarettes per day 35 smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day 30 risk of lung cancer 25 / arbitrary units 20 15 10 5 0 < 20 20–29 30–39 40–49 > 50 number of years smoking Which conclusions are supported by the data in the graph? 1 Smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day always increases the risk of lung cancer more than smoking less than 20 cigarettes per day. 2 Smoking cigarettes for more years increases the risk of lung cancer. 3 Smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day for more than 50 years has the highest risk of lung cancer. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

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The diagram shows the male human reproductive system. X What is X? A bladder B prostate gland C sperm duct D urethra

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The diagram shows changes in the ovary. 4 1 3 2 Which point represents the thickness of the uterus lining when the ovary is at stage 4? D thickness of A the uterus lining B C days of the menstrual cycle

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How can HIV be transmitted? A contact with saliva B drinking water containing untreated sewage C recessive alleles D unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person

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The diagram shows a specialised cell. What is the function of this specialised cell? A asexual reproduction B conduction of impulses C movement of mucus in the trachea D sexual reproduction

Question

Both parents in a family have a characteristic caused by the dominant allele of a gene. They have two children. The pedigree diagram of the family is shown. key affected male unaffected male affected female unaffected female Which row describes the genotypes of the parents in relation to this gene? female parent male parent A heterozygous heterozygous B heterozygous homozygous C homozygous heterozygous D homozygous homozygous

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The diagram shows some of the stages involved in natural selection in wild rabbits. variation within the reproduction by Z rabbit population better adapted rabbits Which statement is missing from box Z? A competition between rabbits for limited resources B passing on of alleles to the next generation of young rabbits C production of limited numbers of young rabbits D selection by humans of rabbits with desirable characteristics

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The diagram shows a food web. Atlantic cod kelp green sea urchin crab What is the principal source of energy input into this food web? A green sea urchins B kelp C the sea D the Sun

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The diagram shows a food web. seeds mice and foxes leaves caterpillars eagles hummingbirds small nectar in birds flowers ants Which statement is correct? A Eagles obtain all their energy by eating foxes. B If the hummingbirds all die the caterpillars will have more food. C The food chain nectar in flowers → ants → small birds → foxes is part of this food web. D The mice and caterpillars are the only examples of herbivores in this food web.

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Which process in the water cycle only involves living organisms? A condensation B evaporation C precipitation D transpiration

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Bacteria are useful in ……X…… because of their rapid ……Y…… rate and their ability to make complex ……Z…… . Which row completes the sentence? X Y Z A bread making competition chemicals B biotechnology reproduction molecules C ethanol production competition enzymes D genetic engineering production pectinase

Question

An area of forest was destroyed by a forest fire. Eventually the forest regrew. What is likely to happen to the amount of soil erosion and flooding when the forest has regrown? A Soil erosion increases and flooding increases. B Soil erosion decreases and flooding decreases. C Soil erosion increases and flooding decreases. D Soil erosion decreases and flooding increases.