Biology 0610/21 May/June 2024: question paper and mark scheme

Question

A person touches a hot object and rapidly moves their hand away from the hot object. Which characteristic of living organisms is this an example of? A excretion B growth C reproduction D sensitivity

Question

Which types of organisms are used in genetic modification because they have plasmids? A arachnids B bacteria C myriapods D ferns

Question

The list shows some of the structures contained in cells. • cytoplasm • cell membrane • cell wall • chloroplast How many of these structures are found in the cells of all living organisms? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

Question

A student draws a red blood cell. The diameter of the red blood cell they draw is 20 mm. The actual diameter of the red blood cell is 0.008 mm. What is the magnification of the student’s drawing? A ×0.0004 B ×0.16 C ×250 D ×2500

Question

Samples of plant cells from the same species are immersed in three different liquids. The low concentration sucrose solution has a higher water potential than the plant cell cytoplasm. The high concentration sucrose solution has a lower water potential than the plant cell cytoplasm. What is the state of the cells in the different liquids? low concentration high concentration distilled water sucrose solution sucrose solution A turgid plasmolysed flaccid B flaccid turgid plasmolysed C flaccid plasmolysed flaccid D turgid turgid plasmolysed

Question

Which process requires energy from respiration? A active transport B diffusion C osmosis D transpiration

Question

The diagram shows the sticky end of the DNA of a plasmid that has been cut by a restriction enzyme. The unpaired bases are labelled. C A G T G What is the correct sequence of the missing bases? A CAGTG B GTGAC C GTCAC D CACTG

Question

A test was performed on a food substance. A positive result was shown by a colour change to blue-black. What solution was used for the test? A biuret solution B DCPIP solution C iodine solution D Benedict’s solution

Question

A student investigates the breakdown of fats in milk by lipase. Four test-tubes labelled A, B, C and D are set up. The table shows the contents of each test-tube. In which test-tube will the contents become acidic most quickly? milk bile boiled lipase lipase A ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ key B ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ = present C ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ = absent D ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓

Question

The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the effect of increasing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant. The rate is found by measuring the rate of bubble release by the plant. As the light intensity increases, the rate of bubble release increases and then becomes constant. bubble light Which statement describes why the rate of bubble release becomes constant at high light intensities? A Carbon dioxide concentration becomes a limiting factor. B Light intensity becomes a limiting factor. C Oxygen availability becomes a limiting factor. D Water availability becomes a limiting factor.

Question

The diagram shows a section through the leaf of a flowering plant. 1 2 3 4 Where does photosynthesis take place? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

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The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal and associated organs. Which labelled part stores bile? D A C B

Question

The list contains statements about villi. 1 Villi increase the efficiency of the absorption of nutrients. 2 Villi increase the efficiency of the alveoli during gas exchange. 3 Villi provide a large surface area. 4 Villi filter urea from the blood. Which two statements explain the role of the villi in humans? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

Question

The diagrams show carbohydrate molecules as they pass through the alimentary canal. Which row represents the molecules correctly? before taking after some time after some time in into the mouth in the mouth the small intestine A B C D

Question

Which row shows correct information about three digestive enzymes in humans? lipase maltase trypsin A acts in acidic acts in the secreted by the conditions stomach pancreas B secreted by the secreted in the acts in acidic pancreas mouth conditions C secreted by the acts in alkaline secreted in the small intestine conditions stomach D acts in the small acts in the small acts in alkaline intestine intestine conditions

Question

Which substance found in a healthy diet helps to prevent constipation? A fat B fibre C minerals D vitamins

Question

When is the transpiration rate of a well-watered plant highest? A on a cool, dry, windy day B on a cool, wet, windy day C on a hot, dry, windy day D on a hot, wet, windy day

Question

Which statement is correct for a flowering plant during photosynthesis? A The flowers, fruits, leaves and roots are all sources of sucrose. B The fruits are a source of sucrose and the flowers are a sink. C The leaves are a source of sucrose and the fruits are a sink. D The roots are a source of sucrose and the leaves are a sink.

Question

What is an advantage of having a double circulatory system? A It uses less energy because blood flows through the heart only once in each circuit around the body. B Concentration gradients of solutes and gases are kept low. C Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood are separated to allow a high rate of oxygen supply to the tissues. D It maintains high-pressure blood flow to the lungs and low-pressure blood flow to the body.

Question

The diagram shows the external structure of the human heart. Which part is blocked in coronary heart disease? D A B C

Question

One of the symptoms of the disease cholera is diarrhoea. This is due to water loss by osmosis caused by the cholera toxin. What is the effect of cholera toxins that results in diarrhoea? A secretion of chloride ions out of the small intestine lowering the water potential B secretion of chloride ions out of the small intestine raising the water potential C secretion of chloride ions into the small intestine lowering the water potential D secretion of chloride ions into the small intestine raising the water potential

Question

Which statement about immunity is correct? A A part of the antibody molecule has the same shape as the antigen it acts on. B Babies develop passive immunity from the antibodies they receive in breast milk. C Phagocytes produce antibodies. D Vaccines contain weakened antibodies.

Question

What are the functions of the diaphragm and the cilia in the human gas exchange system? diaphragm cilia A contracts to cause breathing in carry mucus to the throat B contracts to cause breathing out trap bacteria from the air C relaxes to cause breathing in filter dust from the air D relaxes to cause breathing out produce mucus

Question

Vigorous exercise can cause an oxygen debt. Which process removes the oxygen debt? A aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver B a decrease in breathing rate C a decrease in heart rate D an increase in blood supply to the skin

Question

In healthy people, which substance is completely reabsorbed into the blood from the kidney nephrons? A glucose B salts C urea D water

Question

What would be the pupil size and lens shape of a person reading a mobile phone text message in a brightly lit room? pupil size lens shape A large fat B large thin C small fat D small thin

Question

What describes how the body maintains a constant internal temperature on a hot day? A Vasoconstriction increases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries. B Vasoconstriction decreases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries. C Vasodilation increases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries. D Vasodilation decreases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries.

Question

What would lead to a decrease in blood glucose concentration? A increased release of adrenaline B increased release of amylase C increased release of glucagon D increased release of insulin

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Which statement about antibiotics is correct? A Antibiotics do not affect bacteria but kill viruses. B Antibiotics do not affect bacteria or viruses. C Antibiotics kill bacteria and kill viruses. D Antibiotics kill bacteria but do not affect viruses.

Question

The diagram shows the carpel of a flower just after pollination. X What is the name of the part labelled X? A filament B ovule C pollen tube D stigma

Question

The table shows the percentage of sperm with different abnormalities in samples from a person with normal fertility and two people with low fertility. person with person P with person Q with normal fertility low fertility low fertility percentage of sperm with 2 25 2 no acrosome percentage of sperm with 11 11 35 deformed flagellum percentage of sperm with 4 4 30 few mitochondria What are the causes of low fertility in person P and person Q? person P person Q A too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot digest jelly coat of egg cell digest jelly coat of egg cell B too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot digest jelly coat of egg cell move to oviduct C too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot move to oviduct digest jelly coat of egg cell D too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot move to oviduct move to oviduct

Question

Which word is used to describe stem cells? A gametes B haploid C homozygous D unspecialised

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The graph shows the concentration of four hormones during the menstrual cycle. Which line represents progesterone? A hormone B concentration C D 0 14 28 ovulation day of cycle

Question

The pedigree diagrams show the pattern of inheritance of a genetic disorder in four families. This genetic disorder is not sex-linked. Which pedigree diagram proves that the genetic disorder must be caused by a dominant allele? A B C D key unaffected male unaffected female affected male affected female

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What are correct statements about meiosis? produces involved in repair genetically of damaged identical cells tissues A yes yes B yes no C no yes D no no

Question

The photograph shows a species of fish called a leafy sea-dragon. Leafy sea-dragons live in areas of the sea where seaweed is present. Which statements explain how natural selection caused the leafy sea-dragon species to develop? 1 Leafy sea-dragons that looked like seaweed were better adapted to their environment. 2 Leafy sea-dragons that survived passed on the allele for their appearance to their offspring. 3 Humans selected leafy sea-dragons that looked like seaweed. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Question

What is the main source of energy input to biological systems? A glucose B oxygen C plants D the Sun

Question

Which organisms remove nitrate ions from soil? A denitrifying bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules B denitrifying bacteria and plants C nitrifying bacteria and plants D nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules

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What are two reasons for organisms becoming endangered? 1 habitat destruction 2 monitoring 3 education 4 pollution 5 captive breeding programmes A 1 and 4 B 1 and 5 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

Question

What is an example of the use of genetic modification in agriculture? A choosing cattle to breed so that alleles for high milk yield will be passed on to their offspring B increasing food production by using insecticides to improve quality and yield C inserting genes into crop plants to improve the nutritional qualities of the plant D selecting crop plants with desirable characteristics and crossing these to produce the next generation