Question 114 marks
Question
You will carry out a titration to determine the concentration of a solution of potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4. Potassium manganate(VII) reacts with excess acidified potassium iodide to produce iodine. This iodine is titrated with aqueous sodium thiosulfate. FA 1 is aqueous potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4. FA 2 is 0.500 mol dm–3 potassium iodide, KI. FA 3 is 0.120 mol dm–3 sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3. FA 4 is dilute sulfuric acid, H2SO4. FA 5 is starch indicator. (a) Method Titration ● Fill the burette with FA 3. ● Pipette 25.0 cm3 of FA 1 into a conical flask. ● Use the 25 cm3 measuring cylinder to add 10.0 cm3 of FA 2 to the conical flask. ● Use the 50 cm3 measuring cylinder to add 15.0 cm3 of FA 4 to the conical flask. ● Perform a rough titration by adding FA 3 from the burette to the conical flask until the solution is yellow. ● Then add several drops of FA 5. Continue the titration until the mixture in the flask becomes colourless. This is the end-point. ● Record the initial and final burette readings in the space below. The rough titre is …… cm3. ● Carry out as many accurate titrations as you think necessary to obtain consistent results. ● Make sure any recorded results show the precision of your practical work. ● Record, in a suitable form below, all your burette readings and the volume of FA 3 added in each accurate titration. Keep FA 2 and FA 5 for use in Question 3(b). I II III IV V VI VII [7] (b) From your accurate titration results, calculate a suitable mean value to be used in your calculations. Show clearly how you obtained the mean value. The iodine produced by FA 1 required …… cm3 of FA 3. [1] (c) Calculations (i) Give your answers to (c)(ii), (c)(iii) and (c)(iv) to the appropriate number of significant figures. [1] (ii) Calculate the amount, in mol, of sodium thiosulfate in the volume of FA 3 calculated in (b). amount of Na2S2O3 = …… mol [1] (iii) The reaction by which iodine is produced is shown. 2KMnO4(aq) + 10KI(aq) + 8H2SO4(aq) 6K2SO4(aq) + 2MnSO4(aq) + 5I2(aq) + 8H2O(l) During the titration, sodium thiosulfate reacts with the iodine produced. 2Na2S2O3(aq) + I2(aq) 2NaI(aq) + Na2S4O6(aq) Calculate the concentration of potassium manganate(VII), in mol dm–3, in FA 1. concentration of KMnO4 = …… mol dm–3 [2] (iv) A laboratory technician purchased a bottle containing 50.00 g of potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4, for this practical examination. Using your answer to (c)(iii), calculate the maximum volume of FA 1, in dm3, that the technician can prepare using the contents of this bottle. volume of FA 1 = …… dm3 [1] (d) A student suggested that the accuracy of the experiment would be increased by using a 10 cm3 pipette to measure FA 2. State whether the student is correct. Explain your answer. …… [1] [Total: 14]
Mark scheme
1(a) I All the following data are recorded • two burette readings and titre for the rough titration • initial and final burette readings for two (or more) accurate titrations II Appropriate headings and units shown in the accurate titration table and titre values recorded for accurate titrations. • initial / start and (burette) reading/volume • final / end and (burette) reading/volume • titre or volume / FA 3 and used / added • unit: / cm3 or (cm3) or in cm3 (for each heading) or cm3 unit given for each volume recorded Ill All accurate burette readings are recorded to the nearest 0.05 cm3. The requirement to record to 0.05 applies to burette readings, including 0.00 cm3 (if this was the initial reading), but it does not apply to the titre. lV The final accurate titre recorded is within 0.10 cm3 of any other accurate titre. Do not include a reading if it is labelled ‘rough’. For assessment of accuracy (Q) marks, the Examiner should round all burette readings to the nearest 0.05 cm3. Check and correct subtractions. Then select the ‘best’ titres using the hierarchy: • two (or more) accurate identical titres (ignoring any that are labelled ‘rough’), then • two (or more) accurate titres within 0.05 cm3, then • two (or more) accurate titres within 0.10 cm3, etc. These ‘best’ titres should be used to calculate the mean titre, expressed to nearest 0.01 cm3. Calculate the difference (δ) between the candidate’s mean titre and the supervisor’s. Award three accuracy (Q) marks as shown below. Award V if δ ⩽ 0.60 (cm3) 7 Award VI if δ ⩽ 0.40 Award VII if δ ⩽ 0.20 Tolerances for low titres: If supervisor’s titre is ⩽ 10.00 cm3, tolerances are 0.30, 0.20, 0.10 cm3. If supervisor’s titre is ⩽ 5.00 cm3 then tolerances are 0.15, 0.10, 0.05 cm3. 1(b) Correctly calculates the mean titre. 1 • Candidate must take the average of two (or more) titres that are within a total spread of not more than 0.20 cm3. • Working/explanation must be shown or ticks must be shown next to the two (or more) accurate readings selected. • The mean should be quoted to 2 dp, and be rounded correctly to nearest 0.01 cm3. (e.g. 26.625 cm3 must be rounded to 26.63 cm3) • Allow a mean expressed to 1 dp, if all accurate burette readings were given to 1 dp and the mean is exactly correct. (e.g. mean of 26.0 and 26.2 = 26.1 is allowed) (e.g. mean of 26.0 and 26.1 = 26.1 is wrong: it should be 26.05) 1(c)(i) All answers to parts (c)(ii), (c)(iii) and (c)(iv) quoted to 3 or 4 significant figures (sf). 1 1(c)(ii) Correct calculation of no of moles of Na2S2O3 1 No of moles = 0.120 × mean titre/1000 1(c)(iii) Correct use of 1(c)(ii) 2 M1: amount of KMnO4 in 25 cm3 FA 1 = 0.2 × (c)(ii) mol M2: Concn of KMnO4 = 40 × 0.2 × (c)(ii) = 8 × (c)(ii) mol dm–3 1(c)(iv) Correct use of (c)(iii) to calculate volume of FA 1 1 Volume of FA 1 = 50/158 × 1/(c)(iii) 1(d) No and FA 2 is used in excess (so exact volume is not important) 1