Biology 0610/23 October/November 2022: question paper and mark scheme

Question

Which process provides an organism with the raw materials needed for tissue repair? A excretion B growth C nutrition D respiration

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Which name is given to a group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring? A a genus B a kingdom C a species D an organ system

Question

Root hair cells are found on plant roots. Which feature is present in a root hair cell but not in a sperm cell? A cell membrane B cell wall C chloroplasts D cytoplasm

Question

What is an example of a tissue? A a chloroplast B the palisade mesophyll C a neurone D the pancreas

Question

Some examples of substances moving across membranes are listed. 1 glucose molecules into the epithelium that lines the small intestine 2 nitrate ions from a dilute solution in soil into a more concentrated solution in root hair cells 3 water molecules from mesophyll cells into the air spaces of a leaf For which examples must oxygen be present? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

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In which diagram would most oxygen molecules diffuse across the membrane per minute? A B 30 °C 70 °C 30 °C 70 °C key membrane C D oxygen molecules 30 °C 70 °C 30 °C 70 °C

Question

The list shows some statements about enzymes. 1 They all contain the element nitrogen. 2 They are proteins. 3 They can be denatured by cold temperatures. 4 Their specificity is due to the complementary shapes of the active site and the substrate. Which statements are correct? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 4 only D 3 and 4

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Which statement about the structure of DNA is correct? A DNA contains six types of base. B DNA contains three strands coiled to form a helix. C DNA is made of a chain of amino acids. D DNA has two strands with cross-links between pairs of bases.

Question

A doctor tested the urine of four patients for both glucose and protein. The colours of the urine samples after testing are shown in the table. Which patient’s urine contained both protein and glucose? colour after colour after testing with testing with biuret solution Benedict’s solution A blue brick red B blue blue C purple brick red D purple blue

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The equation shows the digestion of protein to amino acids. protease protein amino acids In the equation, what is protease? A a catalyst B a product C a solvent D a substrate

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The graph shows the effect of increasing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis. Y rate of photosynthesis X light intensity What are the limiting factors at X and Y? X Y A carbon dioxide concentration carbon dioxide concentration B carbon dioxide concentration light intensity C light intensity carbon dioxide concentration D light intensity light intensity

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The substances listed are found in the leaf of a plant. Which substance is obtained from the soil? A carbon dioxide B chlorophyll C glucose D mineral ions

Question

The cholera bacterium produces toxins that cause chloride ions to be secreted into the small intestine. What is the immediate effect of this on the water potential of blood in the intestinal capillaries, and on the water potential of the contents of the small intestine? water potential blood in contents of capillaries small intestine A lowered lowered B lowered raised C raised lowered D raised raised

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The graph shows the concentration of maltose in different parts of the alimentary canal. X maltose concentration mouth stomach small intestine distance through the alimentary canal What causes the change in concentration at X? A absorption of maltose B action of amylase C action of maltase D assimilation of maltose

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The diagram shows a bean seedling soon after it has germinated. Where is most water absorbed? A B C D

Question

Scientists investigate the movement of substances in a plant. They cut a ring of tissue from the stem. Removing the tissue removes some of the transport vessels found around the edge of the stem. A few days later they notice swelling above the area where the tissue has been removed. leaves tissue removed time swelling roots What causes the swelling? A Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the sink. B Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the source. C Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the sink. D Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the source.

Question

The diagram shows the outside of a human heart. Which structure is a coronary artery? A B C D

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The diagrams represent blood flow in the circulatory systems of fish and humans. fish circulation human circulation gills body 4 1 2 lungs heart 5 6 heart 3 body In the fish circulation and the human circulation, where is the oxygen concentration highest? fish human circulation circulation A 1 4 B 1 5 C 2 4 D 3 6

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Campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause food poisoning. Which word describes Campylobacter? A antibody B disease C pathogen D symptom

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What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in expired air? A 0.04% B 4% C 16% D 21%

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Which actions use energy released from respiration? 1 muscle contraction 2 protein synthesis 3 cell division 4 transmitting nerve impulses A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 and 4 only

Question

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells? A glucose + oxygen → lactic acid B glucose → carbon dioxide C glucose + carbon dioxide → alcohol D glucose → lactic acid

Question

Which statement about the formation of urea is correct? A Urea is formed in the kidneys from excess amino acids. B Urea is formed in the liver from excess amino acids. C Urea is formed in the kidneys from excess fatty acids. D Urea is formed in the liver from excess fatty acids.

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What is a response to a low concentration of glucose in the blood? A Glucagon will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen. B Glucagon will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose. C Insulin will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen. D Insulin will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.

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Which endocrine gland secretes insulin? A adrenal B ovary C pancreas D testis

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Which factors affect the growth of plants? A gravity and light only B gravity, light and temperature C gravity and temperature only D light and temperature only

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The table shows the recommended daily amounts (RDA) of some nutrients for a person with special dietary requirements, and their actual intake of those nutrients. dietary RDA for actual intake component this person carbohydrate / g 260 265 protein / g 44 41 fat / g 33 32 vitamin C / mg 60 5 vitamin D / μg 10 11 fibre / g 26 27 iron / mg 15 15 calcium / mg 700 710 What would the person be at risk of developing if they continued with the same daily intake of these nutrients? A constipation B coronary heart disease C obesity D scurvy

Question

What are advantages of using sexual reproduction to produce crop plants? 1 It produces genetic variation to help breed new varieties of crop plant. 2 It ensures that crops have the identical characteristics. 3 It quickly produces many identical copies of a plant. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

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Where is the hormone progesterone produced? 1 ovaries 2 placenta 3 uterus A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

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Which row correctly describes mitosis? number of new cells are duplication of chromosomes in a genetically identical chromosomes daughter cell compared to the parent cell occurs to the parent cell A no before mitosis same B no during mitosis halved C yes before mitosis same D yes during mitosis halved

Question

The diagram shows the flow of energy through a food chain. 1 5 2 4 6 7 3 8 Which row correctly labels this energy flow diagram? chemical chemical chemical energy energy loss energy in energy in energy in loss by by excretion tertiary producers decomposers respiration consumers A 2 8 5 3 7 B 1 7 5 3 6 C 2 8 3 5 7 D 1 7 3 5 6

Question

A man and a woman have four children. The diagram shows the blood groups of the children. father mother child 1 child 2 child 3 child 4 group A group AB group O group O What are the possible genotypes of the father and mother? A IAIA and IBIo B IAIB and IoIo C IAIo and IBIB D IAIo and IBIo

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How do the leaves of hydrophytes differ from those of xerophytes? A more hairs on the surface of the leaves B smaller total surface area C stomata on the undersides of the leaves D thinner cuticle

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Broccoli and cauliflower are crop plants that have been produced from a common wild plant. Which process would be used to produce the broccoli and cauliflower plants from wild plants? A artificial selection B competition C evolution D natural selection

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The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. nitrogen in the atmosphere bacterium X nitrates in soil Which process in the cycle is performed by bacterium X? A decomposition B nitrification C nitrogen fixation D denitrification

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The graph shows changes in the population size of a microorganism growing in a fermenter. What is the exponential phase? A B C D population size time

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Bacteria are useful in genetic engineering because they possess plasmids. Which statement describes the importance of a plasmid? A It is a circle of DNA and human genes can be inserted into it. B It is the nucleus of the bacterium and human genes can be inserted into it. C It can be destroyed and replaced with human insulin. D It is a circle of DNA and human insulin can be inserted into it.

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Which statement is correct? A DNA ligase is used to cut DNA. B DNA ligase is used to make proteins. C Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA. D Restriction enzymes are used to make proteins.

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What can reduce the occurrence of famine? A increasing population size B long periods of drought C poverty D equal distribution of food

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What is a consequence of deforestation? A flooding due to reduced transpiration by trees B increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere due to increased photosynthesis C reduced carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere due to increased decomposition of dead trees D reduced oxygen concentration in the atmosphere due to reduced respiration of trees