Biology 0610/23 October/November 2024: question paper and mark scheme

Question

What is a description of excretion? A a chemical reaction that releases energy B a permanent increase in size and dry mass C removal of waste products of metabolism D taking in materials for energy, growth and development

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The scientific name for a domestic horse is Equus caballus. Which row shows the two parts of the name using the binomial system? Equus caballus A kingdom species B species genus C genus kingdom D genus species

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The diagram shows a type of plant cell. nucleus cytoplasm cell wall vacuole Where does this type of cell come from? A root B cuticle C palisade mesophyll D spongy mesophyll

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What is the formula for calculating magnification? actual size A image size B actual size × image size image size C actual size D image size × actual size

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The diagram represents a substance moving across a cell membrane, using energy from respiration. cell membrane cytoplasm substance Which method of transport does the diagram represent? A active transport B diffusion C evaporation D osmosis

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Which food-testing reagent shows a positive result when it turns from blue to purple? A Benedict’s solution B biuret C ethanol D iodine solution

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What are the characteristics of an enzyme? the active site is it is used up it is made the same shape during the of protein as the substrate reaction A no no yes B no yes no C yes yes no D yes no yes

Question

An enzyme in potato cells causes oxygen to be produced from the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. Cubes of potato tissue were placed in a hydrogen peroxide solution at different temperatures. The number of bubbles of oxygen released per minute was counted at each temperature. The table shows the results. temperature / °C 15 25 35 45 55 number of bubbles of oxygen 96 98 82 36 1 released per minute The results suggest the optimum temperature for the enzyme is between which two values? A 15 °C and 35 °C B 35 °C and 45 °C C 35 °C and 55 °C D 45 °C and 55 °C

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Which molecules contain nitrogen? A amino acids B fats C glucose D starch

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The photomicrograph shows the lower surface of a leaf. X Which part of the leaf is labelled X? A guard cell B palisade cell C stoma D xylem vessel

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Which row shows the correct enzyme, its substrate and the site of enzyme action in the alimentary canal? site of enzyme substrate enzyme action A amylase starch colon B lipase fatty acid duodenum C maltase maltose ileum epithelium D trypsin protein stomach

Question

A student set up the experiment shown in the diagram on a hot and dry day. The air bubble moved towards the leafy shoot by 30 mm in 1 hour. reservoir leafy of water shoot scale air capillary bubble tube The student was asked to predict and explain the result that would have been obtained on a hot and humid day. Which row is correct? distance explanation moved / mm A 15 water evaporates more quickly in humid air B 15 water evaporates more slowly in humid air C 45 water evaporates more quickly in humid air D 45 water evaporates more slowly in humid air

Question

Which statement describes the process of translocation? A the movement of sucrose and amino acids in the xylem from the source to the sink B the movement of sucrose and water in the phloem from the sink to the source C the movement of sucrose and amino acids in the phloem from the source to the sink D the movement of water and amino acids in the xylem from the source to the sink

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The diagram shows the human heart. X W Z Y What are the semilunar valves? A W and X B W and Z C X and Y D Y and Z

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Which component of the blood transports hormones? A plasma B platelets C red blood cells D white blood cells

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During the process of vaccination, what stimulates an immune response? A antibodies B antigens C lymphocytes D phagocytes

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Muscles are responsible for the ventilation of the lungs during breathing. Which row describes their action during the inspiration of air? diaphragm external internal muscles intercostal muscles intercostal muscles A contract contract relax B contract relax contract C relax contract relax D relax relax contract

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Which molecule is a product of anaerobic respiration in yeast? A C2H5OH B C6H12O6 C H2O D O2

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In a kidney nephron, which substances are filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus? A glucose, protein, ions and water B glucose, protein, urea and water C glucose, ions, urea and water D ions, urea and water only

Question

How many types of cone cells are there in the human eye? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

Question

The diagram shows a plant shoot growing towards the light. J K light L M Which row describes where auxin is produced, and which side of the shoot has the lowest concentration of auxin? the side of the where auxin shoot with the is produced lowest auxin concentration A K J B K L C M J D M L

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Which statement about antibiotics is correct? A Antibiotics are produced by memory cells. B Antibiotics are used to treat rickets. C Antibiotics are used to treat viral infections. D Antibiotics should only be used when essential.

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The diagram shows a strawberry plant. Which labelled part of the plant can only be produced by asexual reproduction? A C B D

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Which part of a flower can contain a pollen tube? A anther B filament C stamen D style

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To avoid extinction of rare plant species, a botanical garden keeps a collection of seeds known as a seed bank. Which condition will prevent these seeds germinating while they are in storage? A high humidity B high oxygen levels C low light intensity D low temperature

Question

The graph shows the changes to the thickness of the lining of the uterus during the menstrual cycle. thickness of the lining of the uterus 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 day of the menstrual cycle Which hormone is responsible for the change to the thickness of the lining of the uterus shown between days 5 and 16? A FSH B LH C oestrogen D progesterone

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Which hormone concentrations are high during pregnancy? LH oestrogen progesterone A no no yes B yes no no C no yes yes D yes yes no

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By which route would an HIV infection not be transmissible? A blood B saliva C sharing needles for injections D semen

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Which description of a human gamete is correct? A a diploid cell with 23 chromosomes B a diploid cell with 46 chromosomes C a haploid cell with 23 chromosomes D a haploid cell with 46 chromosomes

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Which statements about meiosis are correct? produces involved in the genetically production of identical cells gametes A yes no B yes yes C no yes D no no

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A female parent who is heterozygous for red-green colour blindness has a female child with a red-green colour-blind male parent. What is the chance of the female child being colour-blind? A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

Question

A pure-breeding plant with smooth stems was crossed with a heterozygous plant with hairy stems. What will be the ratio of hairy to smooth stems in the resulting plants? A 1 hairy : 1 smooth B 1 hairy : 3 smooth C 3 hairy : 1 smooth D all hairy

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Which row shows the adaptive features of a xerophyte? leaves with small many stomata deep roots thin leaf cuticle surface area on leaves A yes yes no no B yes no yes no C no yes no yes D no no yes yes

Question

The diagram shows a marine food web. phytoplankton zooplankton cod harbour seal shrimp mackerel At which trophic levels is the cod found? A primary consumer and secondary consumer B secondary consumer and tertiary consumer C secondary consumer only D tertiary consumer only

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The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle. Which labelled arrow would have the balanced chemical equation 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2? air A fossil fuels B C D plant animal

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Which statement explains why there is a lag phase in a population graph? A The build-up of waste products limits population growth. B The low population size limits the birth rate. C The number of births is equal to the number of deaths. D The number of deaths is greater than the number of births.

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The flow chart describes the process of eutrophication. step X increased growth of producers increased decomposition after death of producers step Y death of organisms in water What should be at step X and step Y in the flow chart? step X step Y A decrease in nitrate decreased dissolved ion concentration oxygen concentration B increase in nitrate decreased dissolved ion concentration oxygen concentration C decrease in nitrate increased dissolved ion concentration oxygen concentration D increase in nitrate increased dissolved ion concentration oxygen concentration

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How can fish stocks be conserved? A closed seasons B decreased mesh size C increased quotas D reduction in protected areas

Question

Penicillin is produced in a fermenter by growing the fungus Penicillium. The graph shows how the mass of living Penicillium fungus and the concentration of penicillin change over time. concentration mass of living mass concentration Penicillium of penicillin fungus 0 1 2 3 4 5 time / days When is the best time to collect the penicillin? A at 1.5 days B at 3.0 days C at 3.5 days D at 5.0 days

Question

Which enzymes are required to produce human proteins, using genetic modification? to form a to isolate the DNA to cut the bacterial recombinant making up the plasmid DNA plasmid human gene A DNA ligase restriction enzymes DNA ligase B DNA ligase restriction enzymes restriction enzymes C restriction enzymes DNA ligase restriction enzymes D restriction enzymes DNA ligase DNA ligase