Biology 0610/22 February/March 2024: question paper and mark scheme

Question

Which characteristic of living organisms is represented by gas exchange in the alveoli? A excretion B growth C nutrition D reproduction

Question

The diagram shows how Homo sapiens (modern people) could have evolved from earlier ancestors. Homo sapiens (modern people) Homo heidelbergensis Homo erectus Homo habilis Which statement about modern people and their ancestors is correct? A They are the same species and the same genus. B They are the same species but not the same genus. C They are the same genus but not the same species. D They are neither the same species nor the same genus.

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What is a characteristic of both insects and arachnids? A eight legs B exoskeleton C only three pairs of legs D wings

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An animal can swim, has a backbone and produces milk. Which group does this animal belong to? A amphibians B fish C mammals D reptiles

Question

In which cell structure does aerobic respiration occur? A mitochondrion B nucleus C ribosome D vacuole

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Which formula shows the correct way to calculate the actual size of an object? A actual size = B actual size = C actual size = image size × magnification D actual size = image size – magnification

Question

What is a reason why oxygen diffuses into the blood from an alveolus in the lungs? A The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is greater than the carbon dioxide concentration in the blood. B The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is greater than the oxygen concentration in the blood. C The oxygen concentration in the blood is greater than the oxygen concentration in the alveolus. D The oxygen concentration in the blood is greater than the carbon dioxide concentration in the alveolus.

Question

The diagram shows two plant cells. cell X cell Y high low water water potential potential Which statement describes what will happen to the water in the cells? A equal movement between cells B net movement from cell X to cell Y C net movement from cell Y to cell X D no movement between cells

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Which row describes active transport? moves requires a substances from requires energy protein carrier in a lower to a higher from respiration the cell membrane concentration A no no no B no no yes C yes yes no D yes yes yes

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Which row shows the elements that make up a carbohydrate molecule? carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen A no no yes yes B no yes no yes C yes yes no yes D yes yes yes no

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Large molecules are made from smaller molecules. Which row names the large molecule and the small molecules it is made from? large molecule small molecules A cellulose glucose B fat glycogen C glycogen fatty acid D starch amino acid

Question

The graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme. 1 2 enzyme activity temperature Which statements about the enzyme and substrate at temperatures 1 and 2 are correct? temperature 1 temperature 2 A The active site fits into the The substrate changes shape so substrate of the enzyme. that it cannot fit into the active site. B The enzyme and substrate The enzyme and substrate have the same shape. have different shapes. C The enzyme is denatured. The enzyme and substrate have complementary shapes. D The substrate fits into The active site changes shape so the active site of the enzyme. that the substrate cannot fit into it.

Question

In an investigation, the rate of photosynthesis in a plant is measured at different temperatures. The investigation is carried out at three different light intensities. The results are shown. high light intensity X medium light intensity rate of photosynthesis low light intensity 0 10 20 30 temperature / °C What is the limiting factor for the rate of photosynthesis at point X? light intensity temperature A no no B no yes C yes no D yes yes

Question

In plants, which ions are used to make amino acids? A magnesium B nitrates C phosphates D potassium

Question

The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a leaf. Which structure is the cuticle? A B D C

Question

Poor nutrition can lead to a condition called rickets in which bones fail to develop properly. The table shows some minerals and vitamins present in four foods. Which food would be best for a child who has rickets? calcium iron vitamin C vitamin D A ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ key B ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ = substance present C ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ = substance absent D ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓

Question

Which food group is chemically digested in the mouth, passes through the stomach and continues to be broken down by chemical digestion in the small intestine? A carbohydrates B mineral salts C proteins D vitamins

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Which row about bile is correct? organ where bile effect of bile on fat process involved is produced droplet surface area A gall bladder increases chemical digestion B gall bladder decreases physical digestion C liver decreases chemical digestion D liver increases physical digestion

Question

The small intestine is where most digested foods are absorbed. The small intestine has many villi. These are some features of villi. 1 Each villus contains a network of capillaries. 2 Each villus contains a lacteal. 3 The surface of each epithelial cell is covered with microvilli. 4 Villi increase the internal surface area of the small intestine. Which statements about the villi are important for the efficient absorption of glucose? A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

Question

Which statements about xylem vessels are correct? 1 Xylem vessels have cells with cross walls. 2 Xylem vessels have thick walls with lignin. 3 Xylem vessels transport water and mineral ions. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

Question

Dodder is a plant that grows on other plants called hosts. The dodder plant connects to the host’s vascular bundles. The dodder plant does not have green leaves or roots. What correctly describes the regions for translocation? host leaves dodder A sink sink B sink source C source sink D source source

Question

The diagram shows part of the human circulatory system. Which structure is the hepatic vein? lungs heart D A liver B small intestine C kidney

Question

What is a feature of passive immunity? A Antibodies are acquired from another individual. B It can be gained through infection with a pathogen. C Long-term protection is gained. D Memory cells are produced.

Question

The graph shows the change in the rate of breathing of an athlete. Y rate of breathing time What causes the response during time period Y? A a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the blood B a decrease in the concentration of urea in the blood C an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood D an increase in the concentration of red blood cells in the blood

Question

These are processes that occur in plants. 1 active transport 2 cell division 3 osmosis 4 transpiration Which processes use energy from respiration? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

Question

What is the balanced equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast? A 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O B C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 C C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3 D 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question

Which labelled organ has a major role in the assimilation of amino acids by converting them to proteins? B C A D

Question

A toxin that is the same shape as a neurotransmitter prevents muscle contraction. Which statement explains why the toxin prevents muscle contraction? A The toxin blocks the binding of neurotransmitters to receptors on motor neurones. B The toxin increases the release of neurotransmitters from relay neurones. C The toxin increases the release of neurotransmitters from sensory neurones. D The toxin stimulates impulses in motor neurones.

Question

The diagram shows the structure of the human eye. Which labelled part refracts light entering the eye? D C A B

Question

A patient is injected with adrenaline. Which graph shows the expected changes to pulse rate and blood glucose concentration? A B pulse blood glucose pulse blood glucose rate concentration rate concentration 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 time after injection / minutes time after injection / minutes C D pulse blood glucose pulse blood glucose rate concentration rate concentration 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 time after injection / minutes time after injection / minutes key pulse rate blood glucose concentration

Question

The diagram shows the shoot and root of a seedling, responding to gravity. Which row shows where the auxin accumulates and the effect of this in the shoot? accumulates effect A lower surface inhibits cell elongation B lower surface promotes cell elongation C upper surface inhibits cell division D upper surface promotes cell division

Question

Which factors would increase the chance of antibiotic resistance developing? 1 regularly giving antibiotics to healthy livestock 2 only using antibiotics to treat bacterial infections 3 using several different antibiotics to treat an infection 4 using good personal hygiene to avoid infection A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

Question

What is an advantage of using asexual reproduction in crop plants? A It can reliably produce many crop plants with a desirable characteristic. B It increases genetic variation. C It only requires wind pollination. D It reduces the chance of a new disease spreading through all the crop plants.

Question

The graphs show the concentrations in the blood of four hormones involved in controlling the menstrual cycle. Which line represents FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)? hormone A concentration in the blood B C D hormone concentration in the blood 0 7 14 21 28 time / days

Question

The mitotic index of a tissue is the percentage of cells in the tissue that are dividing by mitosis. The table shows information about two tissue samples, X and Y. number of cells number of cells total number of tissue dividing by not dividing by cells in the sample mitosis mitosis tissue sample X 25 55 80 Y 15 95 110 Which statement is correct? A Tissue X is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 31.3%. B Tissue X is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 45.4%. C Tissue Y is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 13.6%. D Tissue Y is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 15.8%.

Question

Fruit flies can either have red eyes or white eyes. This is a sex-linked characteristic with the gene for eye colour located on the X chromosome. The allele for red eyes (R) is dominant over the allele for white eyes (r). R r R A fruit fly with the genotype X X was crossed with a fruit fly with the genotype X Y. Which percentage of the offspring will have red eyes? A 25% B 50% C 75% D 100%

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Which statement about variation is correct? A ABO blood groups show continuous variation. B Body mass shows discontinuous variation. C Seed colour in peas shows continuous variation. D Seed shape in peas shows discontinuous variation.

Question

Which row shows part of the nitrogen cycle? name of process chemical changed chemical produced A decomposition ammonium ions protein B denitrification nitrate ions ammonium ions C nitrogen fixation nitrate ions nitrogen gas D nitrification ammonium ions nitrate ions

Question

When in vitro fertilisation (IVF) is used in captive breeding programmes, these processes occur. 1 The egg cell is fertilised. 2 The egg cell is removed from an ovary. 3 The embryo is implanted into the uterus. 4 The sperm cells are added. In which order do these processes occur? A 2→3→4→1 B 2→4→1→3 C 4→1→2→3 D 4→3→2→1

Question

The diagram shows a bacterial cell. Which cell structure is useful in genetic modification? B A C D